Creating a New Model of Housing for Adults with Autism

Housing is currently inaccessible for adults with autism, who experience depression rates three times higher than the general population – due to social isolation. This 91,000-square-foot adaptive reuse of a former mill introduces a new model of housing by adapting proven strategies from a successful social design precedent: senior living communities. The user group includes people with lower-functioning Level 1 and higher-functioning Level 2 autism who can live independently with minimal support. Most remain in childhood homes until caregivers can no longer provide for them.

The design concept is “A Sense of Belonging,” achieved through goals of inclusion, wellness, regulation, and independence. Research methods included interviews with autism professionals and senior housing designers, site visits, literature review, and precedent analysis.

Sustainability and equity were addressed through walkable site selection, public transit access, biophilic and durable materials, efficient plumbing, solar panels, and natural light. Design challenges included balancing routine with variety, lowering cognitive load, and fostering interaction without overstimulation.

The design is a four-story complex organized by a sensory zoning system inspired by the Zones of Regulation, a renowned curriculum that teaches sensory regulation. This strategy mitigates challenges faced by people with autism. Green zone apartments offer retreat; yellow zone spaces support socialization; blue zones accommodate executive function. A central atrium—designed as a metaphorical front yard—eases the transition from an urban context and fosters community.

This project proposes a replicable framework to reduce depression and isolation and increase independence, bridging gaps in the housing market through thoughtful, research-driven design.